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Diabetes in America, 3rd Edition
Chapter 12:GENETICS OF TYPE 1 DIABETES

Figure 12.1 -- Drawing of the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6, a gene-rich region that includes genes encoding H L A class 1 and 2 molecules

Figure 12.2 -- Drawing showing the immune response in which foreign antigens are recognized and linked to A P C’s, then M H C recognition and antigen processing, then presented to T cells for removal

Figure 12.3 -- Bar graph with various amino acid residue frequencies at 3 positions in the H L A gene and unadjusted odds ratios associated with type 1 diabetes varying from 0.04 to 5.17 for various residues

Figure 12.4 -- Drawing showing that H L A D Q beta 1 position 57, H L A D R beta 1 position 13, and H L A D R beta 1 position 71 are each located in the respective molecule’s peptide-binding groove

Figure 12.5 -- Bar graph showing the percent of phenotypic variance or type 1 diabetes risk explained by H L A genes, with a total of 34% explained by independent effects in the H L A genes and 9% by non H L A genes

Figure 12.6 -- Bar graph with odds ratios of type 1 diabetes associated with various genes, with the strongest associations identified in 1970-2000 and the magnitude of newly identified associations decreasing over time 

Figure 12.7 -- Bar graph showing the number of coding and noncoding genes ranges from 0 to almost 30 within type 1 diabetes susceptibility loci identified through dense mapping 

Figure 12.8 -- Graph showing the R O C curve for predicting type 1 diabetes based on 27 M H C and 46 non M H C single -- nucleotide polymorphisms, with an A U C of 0.918