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Diabetes in America, 3rd Edition
Chapter 3: PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AND PREDIABETES


Figure 3.1
 -- Bar graph showing that the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes increased by age from 0.5% among those age 12 to 19 years to 20% among those age 75 years or older.


Figure 3.2
 -- Bar graph showing that the age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was highest for non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native adults and lowest among non-Hispanic whites.


Figure 3.3 -- 
Bar graph showing that, in all race-ethnicity groups, crude prevalence of diabetes rose with increasing age but plateaued between age 65 to 74 years and age 75 years or older.  


Figure 3.4
 -- Bar graph showing that, by Hispanic ethnicity subgroup, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was significantly higher among Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans compared to Cubans.


Figure 3.5
 -- Bar graph showing that the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes rose with age in all Hispanic ethnic groups but declined at age 75 or older in Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans.


Figure 3.6 -- 
Bar graphs showing that the age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was highest in Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, and Mexicans compared to Cubans and South Americans.


Figure 3.7 -- 
Bar graph showing that the age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was twofold higher in Asian Indians and Filipinos than in Chinese adults.


Figure 3.8
 -- Bar graph showing that the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes increased with age in all Asian subgroups, except in Filipinos, in whom prevalence declined slightly in older age.


Figure 3.9 -- 
Map of the United States showing a diabetes belt comprised of counties from the Mississippi Valley, Deep South, Carolinas, Appalachian region, and American Indian reservations.


Figure 3.10 -- 
Bar graph showing that the crude prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes rose significantly with age.

Figure 3.11 -- 
Bar graph showing that the crude prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes detected by A 1 c or fasting glucose or 2 hour plasma glucose was 5% and total diabetes was 14.6%.


Figure 3.12 -- 
Bar graph showing that almost one-third of the total diabetic population was undiagnosed based on A 1 c or fasting plasma glucose or 2 hour plasma glucose.


Figure 3.13
 -- Bar graph showing that based on A 1 C or fasting plasma glucose, one third of diabetes was undiagnosed in those age 20 to 44 years but decreased to 20% in those age 75 years or older.


Figure 3.14
 -- Bar graph showing that the age-standardized prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was similar in men and women age 20 or older years at 10.1% and 9.3%, respectively.


Figure 3.15 -- 
Bar graph showing that the age and sex adjusted prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in adults was highest in non-Hispanic blacks and significantly lower in non-Hispanic whites.


Figure 3.16
 -- Bar graph showing that prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes based on A 1 c or fasting glucose or 2 hour plasma glucose was highest in non-Hispanic Asians and lowest in non-Hispanic whites.


Figure 3.17
 -- Bar graph showing that percent of all diabetes that was undiagnosed based on A 1 c, fasting glucose or 2 hour plasma glucose was highest in non-Hispanic Asians and lowest in non-Hispanic whites.


Figure 3.18 -- Bar graph showing that the prevalence of prediabetes based on A 1 c and fasting glucose rose steadily with age from 13.5% at age 12 to 19 years to 48.6% at age 65 to 74 years.


Figure 3.19 -- 
Bar graph showing that the age and sex standardized prevalences of prediabetes were higher in non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans compared to non-Hispanic whites.


Figure 3.20 -- 
Bar graph showing that about one-third of Hispanic groups had prediabetes, with prevalence being highest in Mexicans and lowest in Dominicans.


Figure 3.21
 -- Venn diagram showing that most people who were diagnosed with diabetes by A 1 c were also diagnosed by fasting plasma glucose or 2 hour plasma glucose.


Figure 3.22 -- 
Line graph showing that the crude prevalence of diagnosed diabetes over all ages in the United States increased from 0.9% in 1958 to 7.4% in 2015.


Figure 3.23 -- 
Line graph showing that trends in overall age-adjusted incidence of diabetes for adults did not change significantly during the 1980s, but increased rapidly during 1990 to 2008.


Figure 3.24 -- 
Maps of the United States showing a concomitant decrease between 2004 to 2008 and 2008 to 2012 in diabetes prevalence, obesity, and leisure-time physical inactivity.


Figure 3.25 -- 
Line graph showing that the age-standardized prevalence of total diabetes based on A 1 c and fasting glucose increased significantly from 9.8% in 1988 to 1994 to 12.4% in 2011 to 2012.
